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How to VFR in Hong Kong

12,395 bytes added, 05:42, 6 May 2020
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{| class="wikitable"
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! Location 位置 !! VFR/SVFR 飛行規則 !! AAltitude Altitude AMSL 高度 !! Remarks 提示
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* 由於從南部盤旋點與橫越北跑道或從北部盤旋點橫越南跑道時涉及額外的距離,一旦飛行員獲得有條件的橫越許可並能目視相關的著陸航機,直升機可以離開盤旋點和越過著陸飛機,但在任何情況下都不得越過機場中心線,直到著陸飛機通過適用的橫越走廊為止。 (機場的中心線是客運大樓的脊柱和港機工程機庫的北側。)
* 飛行員無法遵守這些程序,例如在負重負荷下運行時,應事先通知空中交通管制員,以安排替代計劃。
 
[http://vgfs.org/hkvfrmap/ Local Flying Information Map]
====HELICOPTER HOLDING PROCEDURES FOR RUNWAY CROSSING 橫越跑道的直升機盤旋程序====
{| class="wikitable"
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! Location 位置 !! VFR/SVFR 飛行規則 !! AAltitude Altitude AMSL 高度 !! Remarks 提示
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WHISKEY<br />
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VFR<br /> 目視飛行規則<br />
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Maximum 1000 ft<br /> 1000英尺<br />
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保持在北跑道以北1000米處<br />
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ECHO<br />
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VFR<br /> 目視飛行規則<br />
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Maximum 1000 ft<br /> 1000英尺<br />
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保持在北跑道以北1000米處<br />
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Sha Lo Wan<br /> 沙螺灣<br />
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VFR<br /> 目視飛行規則<br />
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Not above 1000 ft<br /> 不高於800英尺<br />
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保持在南跑道以南1000米處<br />
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Cathay City<br /> 國泰城<br />
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VFR<br /> 目視飛行規則<br />
SVFR<br /> 特殊目視飛行規則<br />
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Not above 800 ft<br /> 不高於800英尺<br />
Not above 500 ft<br /> 不高於500英尺<br />
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保持在南跑道以南1000米處<br />
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Tai O<br /> 大澳<br />
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VFR and SVFR<br />
目視飛行規則和特殊目視飛行規則<br />
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Pillar Point<br /> 望后石<br />
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VFR and SVFR<br />
目視飛行規則和特殊目視飛行規則<br />
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Sha Chau<br /> 沙洲<br />
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VFR and SVFR<br />
目視飛行規則和特殊目視飛行規則<br />
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* 使用SVFR的直升機在橫越跑道時可能會受到很大的延誤。 因此,橫跑道應僅限於緊急性質的飛行。 其他航班應考慮改航並通過陰澳-大欖涌路線穿越延長的跑道中心線。 (在計劃SVFR時,飛行員應考慮到可能發生的延誤和替代航線。)
=[http://vgfs.org/hkvfrmap/ Local Flying Information Map] ===Rejoining Procedures for Fixed Wing Aircraft 定翼機的返回程序===Three visual holding areas are established over prominent geographical features in the CTR to assist in the sequencing of VFR flights with other traffic. The holding areas are 在管制區中突出的地理特徵上建立了三個視覺盤旋區域,以幫助使用目視飛行規則的飛機和其他航班進行排序。 盤旋區域為{| class="wikitable"|-! Location 位置 !! Altitude AMSL 高度 !! RWY in Use 正在使用的跑道 !! Routeing 路線|-|Green Island<br /> Left hand hold<br />  青洲<br /> 左邊盤旋<br /> ||Maximum 2000 ft<br /> 2000英尺<br /> ||RWY 25<br /> 跑道 25<br /> ||For flights from the south<br /> 供南部航班使用<br /> |-|Soko Island<br /> Left hand hold<br />  大鴉洲<br /> 左邊盤旋<br /> ||Maximum 2000 ft<br /> 2000英尺<br /> ||RWY 07<br /> 跑道 07<br /> ||For flights from the south<br /> 供南部航班使用<br /> |-|Lung Kwu Chau/ Sha Chau<br /> Left hand hold<br />  龍鼓洲/沙洲<br /> 左邊盤旋<br /> ||Maximum 1500 ft<br /> 1500英尺<br />  Maximum 1000 ft<br /> 1000英尺<br /> ||RWY 07<br /> 跑道 07<br />  RWY 25<br /> 跑道 25<br /> ||For flights from the south<br /> 供北部航班使用<br /> |-|} A visual holding pattern is established within the ATZ to assist in the sequencing of VFR flights with other traffic. Details of the holding pattern are: 在機場交通區內有一個目視盤旋區,以幫助目視飛行和其他航班進行排序。 盤旋方式的詳細信息 {| class="wikitable"|-! Holding Pattern 盤旋形式 !! Altitude AMSL 高度 !! RWY in Use 正在使用的跑道|-|ATZ Hold<br /> Left hand hold<br />  機場交通區盤旋<br /> 左邊盤旋<br /> ||1000ft<br /> 1000英尺<br /> ||RWY 25<br /> 跑道 25<br /> |-|ATZ Hold <br /> Right hand hold<br />  機場交通區盤旋<br /> 右邊盤旋<br /> ||1000ft<br /> 1000英尺<br /> ||RWY 07<br /> 跑道 07<br /> |-|} ===Procedures for Local Flights in Uncontrolled Airspace Reporting Areas (UCARAs) 不受管制的空域報告區域(UCARA)中的本地飛行程序===* Special areas have been defined to permit aircraft operations to take place under VFR. The associated procedures have been developed to allow such flying to take place without interference to aircraft operating in accordance with IFR and/or in the Hong Kong Aerodrome Traffic Zone and Control Zone. The six areas are designated as Uncontrolled Airspace Reporting Areas (UCARAs): Mirs Bay, North Border, New Town, Ninepins, Port Shelter and Tolo.* UCARA airspace is classified as Category G with an additional requirement for two-way radio communication. * 已定明特殊區域,以允許飛機在目視飛行規則下進行操作。 並已經制定了相關程序,以使這種飛行能夠在不干擾按照使用儀表飛行規則的飛機和/或在香港機場交通區和管制區運行的飛機的情況下進行。 這六個區域被指定為非管制空域報告區域(UCARA):大鵬灣,北邊界,新市鎮,果洲群島,牛尾海和吐露港。* UCARA空域被歸類為G類,並且有附加要求需要雙向無線電通信。 ====VERTICAL LIMITS 垂直限制====The vertical limits of the UCARAs areUCARA的垂直限制為 {| class="wikitable"|-! Location 位置 !! Altitude AMSL 高度|-|New Town, Port Shelter and Ninepin<br /> 新市鎮,果洲群島和牛尾海<br /> ||Surface to 2 000 ft AMSL<br /> 2000英尺<br /> |-|Mirs Bay and Tolo<br /> 大鵬灣和吐露港<br /> ||Surface to 3 000 ft AMSL<br /> 3000英尺<br /> |-|North Border<br /> 北邊界<br /> ||Surface to 2 000 ft AMSL*<br /> 2000英尺*<br /> |-|}* Normally aircraft will be restricted to 1 000 ft AMSL or below. For operations above 1 000 ft prior permission from Hong Kong ATC is required which will be subject to co-ordination with Zhuhai ATC.*通常,飛機將被限制在1000英尺AMSL或以下。 對於1 000英尺以上的作業,必須事先獲得香港航空交通管制員的許可,這將與珠海航空交通管制員進行協調。 ===COMMUNICATIONS 通訊===* Pilots shall establish and maintain two-way communication with ‘Hong Kong Information’ on entering and when operating within UCARAs.* Pilots shall report their position and altitude as follows:1. When entering /leaving each UCARA; 2. Every 15 minutes if no other communication have been made within that period.* Flights in North Border have to be coordinated with Zhuhai ATC. Therefore pilots must advise Hong Kong Information at least 2 minutes prior to entering North Border when operating at 1 000 feet AMSL and below, or give at least 3 minutes notice if operating above 1 000 feet AMSL.* In order to enhance flight safety in the vicinity of the entry/exit routes to/from the Shek Kong Aerodrome Reporting Area (SKARA), pilots are to include in their initial transmission on leaving the SKARA, the name of the entry/exit route, as well as the UCARA they are entering. *飛行員在進入UCARA時以及在UCARA中操作時,應與“Hong Kong Information”建立並保持雙向通訊。*飛行員應報告其位置和高度,如下所示:1.輸入/離開每個UCARA時; 2.如果在此期間未進行任何其他通訊,則每15分鐘進行一次。*北部邊境的航班必須與珠海航空交通管制員協調。 因此,如果飛行員在1 000英尺AMSL以下,則必須在進入北邊界之前至少2分鐘告知Hong Kong Information,如果在1000英尺AMSL以上,則應至少3分鐘通知Hong Kong Information。*為了提高進出石崗機場報告區(SKARA)的進出航線附近的飛行安全,飛行員在離開SKARA的初次呼號應包括進出航線的名稱 ,以及他們正在進入的UCARA。 ===RADIO COMMUNICATION FAILURE PROCEDURES 無線電通訊失效程序===* Fixed wing aircraft shall proceed to Shek Kong Aerodrome, carry out a standard joining procedure to the circuit keeping a good look-out whilst making all normal transmissions. Carry out a standard circuit to land, at all times exercising extreme caution with respect to other aircraft in the vicinity. After landing pilots are to taxi clear of the runway and shutdown. Pilots shall contact Hong Kong Aerodrome Control by telephone as soon as possible after landing.* Helicopters shall land at a suitable helicopter landing site and pilots shall contact Hong Kong Aerodrome Control by telephone as soon as possible after landing. * 定翼飛機應前往石崗機場,對進行標準的五邊飛行程序,在進行所有正常位置報告的同時保持良好的視野。 執行標準五邊降落,始終要對附近的其他飛機格外小心。 著陸後,飛行員要滑行離開跑道並停機。 飛行員著陸後應盡快通過電話與香港機場管制中心聯繫。* 直升機應在適當的直升機降落地點降落,飛行員降落後應盡快通過電話與香港機場管制局聯繫。 ===Aerobatic Area 特技飛行區===* An Aerobatic Area is established within the northern portions of MIRS BAY and TOLO UCARAs and the TMA airspace immediately above them. The vertical limits of the Aerobatic Area are SFC - 3 500 ft AMSL.* The Aerobatic Area is available daily from 0900 - 1700 (local time), subject to VMC within the area and the aircraft having a serviceable transponder with Mode C. Aircraft shall remain below 3 000 ft AMSL and request clearance to climb to 3 500 ft AMSL from Hong Kong Information on frequency 121.0 MHZ. Pilots are reminded that they are responsible for maintaining their own separation from other traffic operating in the UCARAs.  * 在大鵬灣和吐露港UCARAs的北部以及緊靠其上方的TMA空域內建立了一個特技飛行區。 特技飛行區域的垂直極限為SFC-3500英尺AMSL。* 特技飛行區域的每天開放時間為0900-1700(當地時間),視該區域內的天氣狀況而定,並且飛機具有可用的C模式應答機。飛機應保持在3000英尺AMSL以下,並要求許可爬升至3500英尺 來自香港的AMSL關於頻率121.0 MHZ的信息。 提醒飛行員,他們有責任保持自己與UCARA中其他交通的隔離。 [http://vgfs.org/hkvfrmap/ Local Flying Information Map] ===Flight Information Service 航班信息服務===* Hong Kong Flight Information Service provides a flight information service and an alerting service between 0900 local time and sunset, daily, to non-IFR flights operating within the UCARAs. Between sunset and 0859 local time, alerting service only is available. The radio call-sign is ‘Hong Kong Information’ and the frequency is 121.0 MHZ primary and 122.4 MHZ secondary.* It is emphasised that the service offered by Hong Kong Flight Information Service is an information service only and collision avoidance is entirely the responsibility of the pilot-in-command. Traffic information will normally be provided to an aircraft only when it reports entering a UCARA sector or makes a periodic ‘ops normal’ report. Aircraft already operating within a UCARA are expected to maintain their own traffic watch between ‘ops normal’ reports by monitoring the FIS frequency for the transmissions of other aircraft. * Hong Kong Information於當地時間每天0900至日落時間在UCARA內向非儀表飛行的航班提供航班信息服務和提示服務。 在日落至當地時間0859之間,僅提供警報服務。 無線電呼號是“Hong Kong Information”,頻率是主頻121.0 MHZ,次頻122.4 MHZ。* 需要強調的是,香港飛行信息服務所提供的服務僅是一種信息服務,避免碰撞是機長的全部責任。 通常只有在飛機報告進入UCARA區域或進行定期的“行動正常”報告時,才會向飛機提供交通信息。 預計已經在UCARA內運行的飛機將通過監視其他飛機的FIS頻率,在“正常運行”報告之間保持自己的交通監視。 === Procedures for Entry and Exit to/from Shek Kong Aerodrome Reporting Area (SKARA) 進出石崗機場報告區(SKARA)的程序 ===Aircraft shall enter or exit the Shek Kong Aerodrome Reporting Area (SKARA) via the following routes飛機應通過以下路線進出石崗機場報告區(SKARA) {| class="wikitable"|-! Radio Callsign 呼號 !! Route 路線 !! Co-ordinates 座標 (WGS 84) !! Co-ordinates 座標 (UTM Grid)|-|Kadoorie Gap<br /> 近嘉道理農場<br /> ||SKARA to/from UCARA New Town<br /> 由石崗前往新市鎮<br /> ||22 26 22N 114 07 23E<br /> ||KK 039843<br /> |-|Fire Station Gap<br /> 近八鄉消防及救護訓練學校<br /> ||SKARA to/from UCARA New Town<br /> 由石崗前往新市鎮<br /> ||22 28 14N 114 06 38E<br /> ||KK 027878<br /> |-|Mai Po<br /> 米埔<br /> ||SKARA to/from UCARA North Border<br /> 由石崗前往北邊境<br /> ||22 27 41N 114 03 09E<br /> ||JK 973868<br /> |-|Pagoda<br /> 聚星樓<br /> ||SKARA to/from CTR Tuen Mun Zone<br /> 由石崗前往管制區屯門區<br /> ||22 27 48N 114 00 25E<br /> ||JK 920872<br /> |-|Kam Tin Gap<br /> 近錦田<br /> ||SKARA to/from CTR Tuen Mun Zone<br /> 由石崗前往管制區屯門區<br /> ||22 26 00N 114 02 57E<br /> ||JK 963838<br /> |-|}* The SKARA reporting point ‘PAGODA’ is very close to the North Border boundary, therefore pilots exiting or entering the SKARA at this location should ensure they do not enter the North Border area without prior coordination.* SKARA報告點“ PAGODA”非常靠近北邊界邊界,因此,飛行員在此位置離開或進入SKARA時應確保未經事先協調,他們不可進入北邊界區域。 [http://vgfs.org/hkvfrmap/ Local Flying Information Map] == Special Procedures for Government Flying Service/Heliservices 供政府飛行服務隊/直升機服務(香港)的特別程序 ==Please contact [http://vgfs.org Virtual Government Flying Service] 請聯繫 [http://vgfs.org 虛擬政府飛行服務隊]
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